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About Cataract
Cataracts are a common eye ailment that often develops as people age. Imagine your eye’s lens as a clear window through which you can see the world around you. Sometimes that window becomes cloudy, like a foggy window on a cold day. That cloudiness is known as cataract. The word "cataract" comes from the Greek word “katarraktes”, which roughly translates to the waterfall. It was thought that a solidified cerebral fluid had leaked in front of the eye's lens. The term "eye cataract" now refers to the clouding of your eye's lens.
Cataracts arise when proteins in the eye’s lens begin to clump together, making light more difficult to flow through. This can make your eyesight fuzzy or cloudy, much like peering through a foggy windshield. As cataracts grow, colors may appear duller and you may have difficulty seeing at night or in bright light.
Types of lenses used for cataract surgery.
In cataract surgery, the hazy lens inside the eye (the cataract) is removed and replaced with an artificial lens called an intraocular lens (IOL). IOLs of several kinds can be used, such as
Monofocal IOLs
Lenses with a single focal point, commonly used for distance vision. Although they can lessen or completely do away with the need for glasses, they can still be necessary for astigmatism correction or near vision.
Multifocal IOLs
These lenses have numerous focal points for better vision at close and far distances. Their goal is to lessen the need for glasses at different distances.
Accommodating IOLs
These lenses are designed to move within the eye in reaction to the eye muscles' natural focusing process, allowing for clear vision at a variety of distances.
Toric IOLs
These lenses are specifically intended to correct astigmatism, resulting in superior overall vision quality for people with astigmatism.
At the end of surgery, an artificial lens is placed 'in the bag'
The lens chosen is determined by a variety of criteria, including the patient's lifestyle, visual needs, and any pre-existing eye diseases. A consultation with an ophthalmologist or cataract surgeon is usually required before making a decision.
Symptoms
- Cloudy/ milky/ foggy or fuzzy vision
- Poor night vision
- Seeing a halo (glare) surrounding lights
- Double vision in a few conditions in the affected eye.
- Observing a color fade
- Need for brighter reading lights
- Increased sensitivity to sunlight and bright light
- Frequent prescription changes for glasses
Different types of cataracts
Cataracts come in many shapes and sizes, and each has its own story to tell. There is a wide range of options to consider, from their position in the eye to their underlying causes. To spark your curiosity, these are just a few
Nuclear cataract
Aging is typically linked to this type of cataract, which develops in the lens's nucleus. It can result in nearsightedness or a momentary enhancement in reading vision, also known as "second sight."
Cortical Cataract
The outer layer of the lens that encircles the central nucleus is affected by cortical cataracts. These cataracts usually begin as internal, wedge-shaped opacities that produce glare and contrast problems.
Traumatic Cataract
Traumatic cataracts occur after an eye injury. They can appear shortly after an accident or may take some time to show. The extent and type of trauma determine the severity.
Congenital cataracts
Certain individuals are born with or develop cataracts during childhood. These are referred to as congenital cataracts. Pregnancy-related infections, genetic factors, or other developmental problems could be the cause of them.
Subcapsular Cataracts
Subcapsular cataracts occur at the back of the lens, beneath the lens capsule. They are more prevalent in diabetics, patients on specific drugs (such as corticosteroids), and people with other eye disorders.
Secondary Cataract
The back of the lens capsule may cloud after cataract surgery, resulting in the development of a secondary cataract. This can be cured with a laser surgery known as YAG laser capsulotomy.
Radiation Cataract
Ionizing radiation exposure, such as during cancer treatment, has been linked to cataract formation. The amount and length of radiation exposure determine the risk.
Age-Related Cataract
Age-related cataracts are the most common type, and they are caused by aging and changes in the proteins in the lens.
Restoring vision 20/20
Topical or no-needle anesthesia
Topical anesthesia is local anesthetic applied to the surface of the skin or mucous membrane to temporarily numb the area superficially
Frequently Asked Questions
Answers to your most common questions about our hospital.
A cataract is a clouding of the eye's natural lens that, if left untreated, can cause blurred vision and eventually visual loss.
A cataract is removed using a surgical process known as phacoemulsification, in which an ultrasonic device breaks apart the hazy lens, and a new artificial lens is implanted to restore vision.
After cataract surgery, most patients see an improvement in their vision within a day or two; but, as the eyes continue to heal, full recovery and ideal vision may not be achieved for several weeks.
Following cataract surgery, blurred vision may be momentary as a result of swelling or inflammation, but it usually gets better as the eyes heal. For the best clarity, prescription glasses adjustments could also be required.
Cataract surgery is usually not painful because it is performed under local anesthesia. Although there may be some pressure or discomfort felt by the patient, the operation is usually quite painless.
Every year, cataract surgery improves the vision of thousands of patients. A healthy lifestyle necessitates good vision. Numerous research studies show that cataract surgery improves quality-of-life functions such as reading, working, moving around, hobbies, safety, self-confidence, independence, daytime and night time driving, community and social activities, mental health, and overall life satisfaction.